2.5 Literacy and numeracy strategies
Know and understand literacy and numeracy teaching strategies and their application in teaching areas.
All teachers need to be aware on how to teach the key areas of the curriculum of numeracy and literacy.
When I was teaching Math, I would explicit teach with all students seated at the front facing the IWB. My mentor teacher stated that having a small matted space area for explicit teaching was easier to manage than having the students scattered and seated at their desks as it is easier to manage behaviour and scanning for students attentiveness. There were times that I used the same area for hands on activities for example spreading out on the matted area cards that connected km and meters where students had to find a match card and mapping out a number line using paper plates on masking tape adhered to the floor.
Students all learn at different speeds and in different ways. I discovered that teaching some of the concepts in Math did not suit all students. There were two many steps in the strategies and some students became overwhelmed with the process. I made sure that these students were given alternate ways of solving the same Math problems using simpler and friendlier ways so they could achieve success along with other students who understood the first given strategy.
Teaching Place Value in year 5 Mathematics
Critique Maths Lesson |
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Maths Lesson Critique Place Value |
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Maths Lesson Critique Place Value IITeaching English Year 5 |
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Literacy Critique Writing |
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Literacy Critique Spelling Activity |
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Final Report |
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Math's Place Value Chart Place Value Number Line
English Programs in the Primary School
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Language acquisition theories and theories of teaching and learning that you have been exposed to in your degree. List, briefly describe and discuss how these impact the teaching of English
Skinner (1904-1990) justified that language acquisition as well as development are learned behaviours that are learnt over one’s lifetime. One area for an English teacher to teach would be to associate events within language. This is noted as classical conditioning. Humans also learn through observation and imitation, punishments and rewards which is the process of operant conditioning.
These learning theories apply in repetitive exposure to children for example a child may associate a sound with pictures and could be rewarded by the teacher with cheer and praise. Children learn language through exposure, observing other children, from people around them and by imitating their sounds. Children put language together in their own way, however they require the necessary guidance in learning how to speak, write and communicate in effective ways.
I believe that we a born with an innate capability to learn our cultural language which is a natural event and it is crucial that children from an early age learn the foundations of language as research states that the early years are critical for acquiring language and as we age it becomes increasingly difficult to learn language/s in terms of speaking with the correct sound and in learning and using vocabulary correctly. Building on a child’s innate ability to learn language good teaching practices will further help children to learn the subtle nuances of language and to adopt more meaningful ways to communicate.
Teachers make decisions on a daily basis regarding literacy instruction based on one particular theory or several theories or perspectives. Theories of literacy encompass a collection of principals or beliefs that will advise a teacher’s decisions and actions on how students become skilled writers and readers. Development of these beliefs is shaped through personal experience as writers and readers and relating these experiences to what they have learnt in their study of learning theory in general and in theories of literacy development in particular.
There are four theories of the reading model (Behaviourism/bottom up) which see the classroom grouped on reading based on ability, instructional skills and use materials based on week sheets. Psycholinguistics (top down is where there will be a range of reading levels, short lessons and students will be grouped according to interests. In the transactional theory again sees students grouped based on their interests connect to reading to life experiences that has a purpose
Skinner (1904-1990) justified that language acquisition as well as development are learned behaviours that are learnt over one’s lifetime. One area for an English teacher to teach would be to associate events within language. This is noted as classical conditioning. Humans also learn through observation and imitation, punishments and rewards which is the process of operant conditioning.
These learning theories apply in repetitive exposure to children for example a child may associate a sound with pictures and could be rewarded by the teacher with cheer and praise. Children learn language through exposure, observing other children, from people around them and by imitating their sounds. Children put language together in their own way, however they require the necessary guidance in learning how to speak, write and communicate in effective ways.
I believe that we a born with an innate capability to learn our cultural language which is a natural event and it is crucial that children from an early age learn the foundations of language as research states that the early years are critical for acquiring language and as we age it becomes increasingly difficult to learn language/s in terms of speaking with the correct sound and in learning and using vocabulary correctly. Building on a child’s innate ability to learn language good teaching practices will further help children to learn the subtle nuances of language and to adopt more meaningful ways to communicate.
Teachers make decisions on a daily basis regarding literacy instruction based on one particular theory or several theories or perspectives. Theories of literacy encompass a collection of principals or beliefs that will advise a teacher’s decisions and actions on how students become skilled writers and readers. Development of these beliefs is shaped through personal experience as writers and readers and relating these experiences to what they have learnt in their study of learning theory in general and in theories of literacy development in particular.
There are four theories of the reading model (Behaviourism/bottom up) which see the classroom grouped on reading based on ability, instructional skills and use materials based on week sheets. Psycholinguistics (top down is where there will be a range of reading levels, short lessons and students will be grouped according to interests. In the transactional theory again sees students grouped based on their interests connect to reading to life experiences that has a purpose
Explain authentic assessment and describe an authentic assessment task that you would use in a junior primary language class to monitor oral language capabilities.
Authentic assessments are worthwhile tasks and activities that are significant and meaningful and that are connected to the real-world for example when a student provides a news report. Students would be expected to demonstrate specific skills and knowledge to show what has been mastered.
Authentic assessment tasks are more like activities rather than tests however Shoemaker and Lewin differentiate them in two important ways. Firstly, when assessing oral language for example the tasks must be valid, as for all authentic assessment, and distinctly assess the oral aims being measured and secondly, they should clearly state the marking criteria so that teachers can adequately objectively, and most importantly frequently evaluate them.
Oral assessments can be formal or informal. There are many ways of assessing oral language; they can be in performances, performing plays or when retelling stories. An oral assessment I would use and have noticed being used in primary school classrooms is a news retell of life events. This can be how a student’s followed a football team played against the opposing team, how they became the winners and how well, rough or tough they played. Or a child might, report about a storm that resulted in damage to a specific location in their own town or state and how, if it was a local storm, it affected them or their family. These are real life situations that students can bring to the classroom which gives opportunity for other students to engage in by having question and answer time.
Authentic assessments are worthwhile tasks and activities that are significant and meaningful and that are connected to the real-world for example when a student provides a news report. Students would be expected to demonstrate specific skills and knowledge to show what has been mastered.
Authentic assessment tasks are more like activities rather than tests however Shoemaker and Lewin differentiate them in two important ways. Firstly, when assessing oral language for example the tasks must be valid, as for all authentic assessment, and distinctly assess the oral aims being measured and secondly, they should clearly state the marking criteria so that teachers can adequately objectively, and most importantly frequently evaluate them.
Oral assessments can be formal or informal. There are many ways of assessing oral language; they can be in performances, performing plays or when retelling stories. An oral assessment I would use and have noticed being used in primary school classrooms is a news retell of life events. This can be how a student’s followed a football team played against the opposing team, how they became the winners and how well, rough or tough they played. Or a child might, report about a storm that resulted in damage to a specific location in their own town or state and how, if it was a local storm, it affected them or their family. These are real life situations that students can bring to the classroom which gives opportunity for other students to engage in by having question and answer time.
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